Chapter 9 Self-test questions

. The following statements are related to motivation. Which ones are correct? Please select all that apply.

The motivation of an animal defines the frequency and intensity of a behavioral pattern when elicited by an endogenous or exogenous stimulus.

Motivational changes in behavior occur only if the neural network that controls this behavior exhibits the potential for neural plasticity.

The motivation of an animal is controlled by dedicated motivational centers in the brain.

The neural mechanisms mediating motivational changes in behavior include structural reorganization and biochemical switching of neural networks.

. In the knifefish Eigenmannia, the structural correlate of input to the pacemaker nucleus can be identified through neuronal tract tracing, involving application of an anterograde tracer to this nucleus.

True

False

. Which of the following statements does not describe correctly the structure, dynamics, and function of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus of white-footed mice?

Neurons of this nucleus innervate muscles that are involved in penis erection and ejaculation.

The dendritic arbors of neurons of this nucleus undergo seasonal alterations.

The seasonal alterations in dendritic structure of neurons of this nucleus are controlled by testosterone.

The structural dynamics of neurons of this nucleus are independent of exogenous factors, such as length of the day.

. Structural reorganization of neural networks is limited to neurons and does not involve glial cells.

True

False

. The following statements refer to polymorphic networks. Which statement is not correct?

They are anatomically fixed.

They can produce multiple variations in behavioral output through neuromodulations.

They undergo structural reorganization to produce variable behavioral output.

Their output pattern is defined by both the organizational structure of their neurons and the modulatory environment to which these neurons are exposed.

. Which of the following properties make catecholamines and neuropeptides well suited as neuromodulators to mediate motivational changes in behavior? Please select all that apply.

Release at presynaptic thickening (active zone).

Non-synaptic release.

Focal relationship between site of release of content of synaptic vesicles and location of corresponding receptors.

Ligand-ligand receptor mismatch.

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