Okami Chapter 05 Practice Test

. The concepts of sensation and perception are different because

perception is something that happens to your sense organs and neurons; sensation is something that happens to you

sensation is something that happens to your sense organs and neurons; perception is something that happens in consciousness

sensation is something that happens slowly when you are paying attention to something, perception happens automatically

perception is the only way to directly interact with the world; all sensations are illusory

. These researchers are responsible for Webers law and signal detection theory.

psychotherapists

Gestalt psychologists

perceptual cognitive scientists

psychophysicists

. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as sensory adaptation?

Some people are irritated by the smell of his cologne, but Adam wears it so much that he barely smells it himself.

Lucys dorm floor includes one person who blares loud music late into the night, and she is unable to sleep because of the noise.

The scent of incense coming from the apartment next door to Madeline was unavoidable and eventually, she confronted her neighbor about it.

When Harry smells perfume, he is always instantly reminded of his first date.

. The ________ are the photoreceptors that respond well in low light, and to motion, but are not specialized for detailed vision.

rods

cones

ganglions

bipolar cells

. The fovea in the retina has the highest concentration of these cells.

bipolar

rods

cones

ganglion

. According to this theory of color vision, the peak sensitivity of a cone to one of three spectrums of wavelength dictates the hue that we perceive.

evolutionary signal

signal detection

trichromatic

opponent process

. According to this theory, cells in the retina and the thalamus enable the mixing of blue and yellow, red and green, and black and white

trichromatic theory

opponent process theory

monocular theory

additive color theory

. The perception of pitch, how high or low a tone is, is dependent on this property of sound waves.

volume

amplitude

frequency

timbre

. The basilar membrane is a collection of fibers in the cochlea that ripples in response to

vibrations of the tympanic membrane and ossicles

piercing of the oval window

oscillations of the auditory cortex

vibrations of the auditory nerve

. All of the following aspects of sound location are true, EXCEPT:

The brain factors in both the time of arrival and the loudness of a sound source to locate it.

Your head dampens sounds such that volume is different in both ears according to the location of a sound.

Sounds from the right side of your head will arrive at your right ear slightly before your left ear.

Sounds from the left side of your head will appear louder to your right ear than to your left ear.

. The sensory receptors in your nose are located in the

olfactory epithelium

olfactory bulb

lateral geniculate

olfactory nerve

. These pheromones allow for the readiness of certain reproductive responses in men and women.

primer hormones

secondary pheromones

primer pheromones

olfactory pheromones

. The primary and secondary taste cortices of the brain are located in the

temporal lobe

frontal lobe

parietal lobe

occipital lobe

. In order to perceive flavor, our sense of taste must be combined with this sense.

olfaction

sight

transduction

gustation

. The receptors embedded in our skin that respond to pressure and touch are called

tactile sensors

mechanoreceptors

proprioceptors

nociceptors

. Aside from the receptors for touch, the skin also houses these receptors that allow for perception of temperature.

thermoreceptors

mechanoreceptors

proprioceptors

nociceptors

. Unlike the specialized receptors for other aspects of touch, nociceptors are

mechanoreceptors embedded in muscles and inner organs

free nerve endings anywhere in the body

sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

efferent neurons in the spinal column

. This Gestalt grouping principle allows for the holistic perception of objects that are blocked by other objects.

proximity

closure

good continuation

similarity

. In the visual cliff experiments by Gibson and Walk (1960), infants would freely explore the deep side of the cliff if

their parents were positioned at the opposite end of the table.

they did not understand the Gestalt law of good continuation

their retinas were not fully developed

they had not yet developed depth perception

. The retinas in each eye collect slightly different images of the world, which allows for the processing of this binocular depth cue.

retinal disparity

retinal eccentricity

retinal convergence

retinal perspective

. Unlike the binocular depth cues, the monocular depth cues depend greatly on

the mental assumptions about the way the eye works

the motion of the eyes and the tension of the eye muscles

the physical distance between the retina and the object in the world

the mental assumptions of humans about our environments

. When you are standing in a hallway and see your friend walking toward you, the image of him will grow larger on your retina, but you do not perceive him as actually growing in size. This is because of

size constancy

shape constancy

linear constancy

color constancy

. Which of the following phenomena are dependent upon our biases and expectations based on experience with the world?

transduction

opponent process

linear contrast

inattentional blindness

. Phenomena such as change blindness and perceptual set are evidence that perception is

at least partly dependent on seeing the world

at least partly dependent on expectations and biases about the world

minimally dependent on our experience with the world

minimally dependent on the stimulation of the retina

. Which of the following are NOT among the psi phenomena studied by parapsychologists?

extrasensory perception

subliminal perception

telekinesis