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. Which of the following pairs consist of positive psychotic symptoms?

a) Delusions and hallucinations correct incorrect

b) Flattened affect and avolition correct incorrect

c) Word salad and formal thought disorder correct incorrect

d) Loosening of associations and alogia correct incorrect

e) Anhedonia and pressured speech correct incorrect

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. Someone who no longer derives enjoyment from social and recreational activities that are usually a source of pleasure is experiencing which of the following?

a) Avolition correct incorrect

b) Mania correct incorrect

c) Anhedonia correct incorrect

d) Flattened affect correct incorrect

e) Alogia correct incorrect

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. In general, evidence of a link between mental disorder and criminal behaviour has been reported by research examining the presence of which of the following?

a) Criminal behaviour among samples of psychiatric patients correct incorrect

b) Mental disorder among samples of criminal offenders correct incorrect

c) Mental disorder and criminal behaviour among samples of community members correct incorrect

d) Both A and B correct incorrect

e) All of the above correct incorrect

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. Which of the following does NOT support the criminalization of mental disorder hypothesis?

a) Offenders with mental disorders who exhibit symptom-consistent behaviour correct incorrect

b) Offenders with mental disorders who remain at the scene of the crime and turn themselves into police correct incorrect

c) Police officers who arrest suspects with a mental disorder as a back up measure in case they cannot get them hospitalized correct incorrect

d) Police officers who misinterpret subtle signs of mental disorder as the suspect being disrespectful and noncompliant which leads the officer to make an arrest correct incorrect

e) All of the above support the criminalization of mental disorder hypothesis. correct incorrect

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. Research by Douglas et al. (2009) suggests the relationship of psychosis to violence varies according to the type of symptom. Based on their findings, what is the order of the strength of the relationships between different psychotic symptoms and violence, from weakest to strongest?

a) Positive, negative, disorganized correct incorrect

b) Disorganized, negative, positive correct incorrect

c) Negative, disorganized, positive correct incorrect

d) Negative, positive, disorganized correct incorrect

e) Positive, disorganized, negative correct incorrect

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. What is "delusional distress"?

a) The false belief that others are in distress or under threat and need assistance correct incorrect

b) The psychological stress experienced by family members and other people as a result of interacting with someone who is delusional correct incorrect

c) The psychological stress that follows when a delusional person realizes their beliefs are actually false correct incorrect

d) The fear, anxiety, or sadness experienced by a person as a result of their delusional thoughts correct incorrect

e) When a delusional person's actions are violent or harmful correct incorrect

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. Which term refers to psychotic symptoms that appear to increase the risk of violent behaviour because they lead people to have a diminished sense of control and autonomy over their body and actions?

a) Diminished autonomy symptoms correct incorrect

b) Threat symptoms correct incorrect

c) Autonomy-override symptoms correct incorrect

d) Control-override symptoms correct incorrect

e) Diminished capacity symptoms correct incorrect

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. Why is it speculated that being the victim of violence may increase the chances of a person with mental disorder engaging in future violence?

a) It serves as a behavioural model that they may decide to mimic later on. correct incorrect

b) It leaves them feeling fearful, suspicious, and hostile towards others. correct incorrect

c) It frequently causes their psychotic symptoms to re-emerge. correct incorrect

d) Both A and B correct incorrect

e) All of the above correct incorrect

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. What is one of the chief concerns surrounding people with mental disorders who lack insight?

a) They are not in touch with their emotions and have no self-esteem. correct incorrect

b) They are less likely to follow their treatment regime and take their medication. correct incorrect

c) They are not aware of what they are doing. correct incorrect

d) They tend to misinterpret the actions of other people as violent or hostile. correct incorrect

e) They tell lies in order to avoid treatment. correct incorrect

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. Which of the following statements accurately describes Hiday's (1997) comprehensive model explaining the links between mental disorder and violence?

a) It theorizes that tense interpersonal situations may develop between people with and without mental disorder that escalate to violence. correct incorrect

b) It identifies the presence of bizarre and disorganized symptoms of mental disorder as possible factors contributing to violent confrontations. correct incorrect

c) It considers the role other mental conditions like substance abuse and antisocial personality play in violent behaviour. correct incorrect

d) It suggests other factors like victimization, social disorganization, and stressful events also influence the decisions of people with mental disorder to act violently. correct incorrect

e) All of the above correct incorrect