At this stage, participants may be questioned directly about their experience during the experiment.

May be performed before or after the measurement of the dependent variable.

This procedure is intended to reduce participants’ preoccupation with the true purpose of the experiment.

A true experiment that is conducted in a natural setting.

A major strength of experiments.

Designed to reduce the impact of reactive measurement due to the experimenter.

Ensures that pre-experimental differences between experimental conditions are “neutralized” or distributed evenly.

A threat to internal validity that occurs when participants are not randomly assigned to experimental conditions.

An experiment that manipulates more than one independent variable.

May be strengthened through replication.

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