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Climate Change
Anthropogenic Climate Change
Predicted Response to Climate Change
- Methods and models
- Current forecasts
- Box 12.1 Conservation in Practice: Toward Mechanistic Climate Envelope Models
Documented Responses to Climate Change
- Population decay and local extirpation
- Box 12.2 Case in Point: Meet the First Species to Go Extinct Because of Anthropogenic Climate Change
- Geographic range shifts
- Altered phenologies
- Biome regime shifts and alternative states
- Change in ecosystem services
Managing Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity
- Establishing refugia and safe havens
- Optimizing migration pathways
- Building evolutionary resilience
- Box 12.3 Challenges & Opportunities: Assisted Colonization: A Key Tool for Conservation, or Pandora’s Box?
- Using biodiversity for climate mitigation
- Developing green infrastructure
- Box 12.4 Success Story: China’s Sponge City Program: Using Green Infrastructure to Mitigate Natural Disasters