Practice Quiz Chapter 10

. The term for observing behaviour in an unstructured way is ________.

classic research design

ethnography

overt settings

social access demarcation

. ________ is/are typical of participant observation methods.

Short-term observations

Semi-structured observations

Long-term immersion in a social setting

Structured discussions

. A key issue in organizing ethnography is ________.

gaining access to social settings

getting interview subjects to answer closed questions

categorizing observations of participants in structured settings

having meaningful discussions with people on the fringe of a research group

. An example of a "closed" setting for ethnographic research would be ________.

a park

a Girl Scouts meeting

a washroom

a theatre

. Overt observations in ethnographic research require the researcher to ________.

find someone to provide access to the group

identify the "back region" activity

ensure that the people being studied are not aware they are being observed

ensure that the people being studied are aware they are being observed

. If admittance to a group occurs in participant observation, ________ facilitates access to the "back region" activity.

covert operations

overt observations

structured interviewing

unstructured interviewing

. Where overt research is being conducted, ________.

the researcher must ensure that everyone knows that he or she is a researcher

there is no substantial difference between this method and covert research methods

the researcher may sometimes take on a covert role as part of the tasks associated to the role he or she has adopted

the researcher must only work in closed settings

. ________ involves significant ethical considerations because the researcher intends to deceive the research subjects.

Research in open setting

Covert research

Research in closed setting

Research in overt setting

. When an ethnographer takes on a covert role, he or she may experience ________.

more reactivity

difficulty gaining access

anxiety

ability to switch easily between research methods

. Disadvantages of a covert role in ethnography do NOT include ________.

anxiety

problem taking notes

reactivity

ethical problems

. One technique that may be used to maintain ongoing access in public settings is ________.

do not give a reason for your presence; you are entitled to be in a public space

be prepared to be tested for your ability to protect the names of people who are engaged in activity

you can relax your cover story once you have gained access; minor discrepancies won't matter

simply approach the group with an objective and unbiased approach

. Key informants are helpful to a research project because ________.

they will direct the research project in a helpful way for the researcher

they can always be trusted to be spontaneous and truthful

their information can always be gathered through formal interviewing

they can identify people, places, and situations that will be helpful to the research project

. In ethnographic research, complete participation ________.

is the best method for researching all social groups

is interchangeable with the term "complete observer"

is really only required when the behaviour of a particular person is of interest to the researcher

may lead to over-identification with the research subjects

. An ethnographic research project ________.

has less confidentiality issues that a quantitative research project

should be concluded if the researcher comes to find that the new data are simply confirming earlier data

cannot be ended simply because of issues in the researcher's personal life

is unaffected by the changes required or duration of role requirements that are part of the researcher's access strategy

. Feminist ethnography is ________.

when the researcher is a woman

established in an environment that forces the participants to engage in political activity to make things better for women

when a researcher is required to stay connected with the research subject to bring social change for them

research based on recording and contextualizing the lives and activities of women as a marginalized subgroup in society

. In-depth interviewing is not a part of ethnographic methodology.

TRUE

FALSE

. An "open" setting in research does not necessarily mean easy access to people.

TRUE

FALSE

. If it is not feasible to conduct a full-scale ethnographic study, micro-ethnography makes it possible to focus on one specific aspect of a group.

TRUE

FALSE

. Open or closed settings in ethnography are absolute categories established once and for all.

TRUE

FALSE

. Sometimes closed groups have meetings or events that are more public in nature, and which allow for the gathering of information by ethnographers.

TRUE

FALSE

. Retrospective ethnography occurs when a person decides to make a study of some activity in which they have previously been engaged.

TRUE

FALSE

. A researcher attempting to gain access to a closed setting may offer to provide a final report as incentive to be granted access.

TRUE

FALSE

. Once a researcher has been given access to a closed setting, the researcher should never tell the participants exactly why she is there.

TRUE

FALSE

. Gatekeepers present no obstacles for researchers trying to do ethnography in open settings.

TRUE

FALSE

. When using a "participant-as-observer" method, the ethnographer adopts a role in the group but the participants are aware who the researcher really is.

TRUE

FALSE

. Full detailed notes, when written in a timely manner, are the substance of the ethnographer's research because they capture all of what was observed, heard, and thought by the researcher.

TRUE

FALSE

. Jotted notes made while the observations are taking place must capture all the details of what was observed to be useful.

TRUE

FALSE

. Analytic memos help to bridge the gap between the data and the concepts, interpretations, and theories that ethnographers develop to make sense of what they are observing.

TRUE

FALSE

. Researchers must remain aware of the potential for them to influence the subject's perception of photos or videos simply because the photos or videos are presented by the researcher.

TRUE

FALSE

. Informants in ethnographic research are usually selected through purposive sampling.

TRUE

FALSE

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