Practice Quiz Chapter 08

. Nominal variables ________.

include rank-ordered categories

allow arithmetic calculations

include categories that categorize cases by name only

have set amounts of difference between the categories

. Ordinal variables ________.

include rank-ordered categories

do not allow arithmetic calculations

cases are categorized only as being in one category or another

cases have set amounts of difference between the categories

. Interval/ratio variables ________.

include categories that cannot be rank ordered categories

do not allow arithmetic calculations

include categories that are categorized only as being in one category or another

have uniform distance between the categories

. ________ refers to the statistical analysis showing the number of times a particular category shows up in the sample, includes an actual number of cases in the category and their percentage.

Bivariate analysis

Frequency table

Interval register

Binomial curve

. The best way to graphically display interval/ratio variables is ________.

pie charts

bar graphs

colour-differentiated diagrams

histograms

. The score that shows up the most in a particular category is called the ________.

mode

median

population

mean

. The sum of all scores, divided by the total number of scores, is called ________.

mode

mean

population

median

. The name for the middle score in a distribution, when all scores have been arrayed in order, is called ________.

mode

median

population

mean

. The problem when using the mean is ________.

it can only be used with interval variable

it can only be used with nominal variables

it is sensitive to extreme scores

it cannot be used if there are two scores in the middle of the list of scores

. Contingency tables are used ________.

to measure the significance of one independent variable on one dependent variable

to identify patterns of association between two variables

only for nominal variables

to measure the amount of variation in a sample

. To be able to use Pearson's r, the relationship between two variables must be ________.

vertical

linear

random

curved

. ________ is used to examine relationships between two nominal variables.

Kendall's tau-b

Pearson's r

Spearman's rho

Cramer's V

. Statistical significance ________.

speaks to the accuracy of the data

speaks only to the importance of the results

speaks only to the results not occurring by chance alone

is concerned primarily with proper systematic sampling

. The total amount of variation in the dependent variable ________.

has no statistical significance

cannot be estimated

is reported as a statistical estimate of frequency

describes the percent of variance in the dependent variable described by the independent variable(s)

. A(n) ________ relationship exists when there appears to be a relationship between two variables, but the relationship is being produced because each variable is itself related to a third variable.

intervening

interacting

elaborating

spurious

. Data analysis is not a concern of the researcher until after the data have been collected.

TRUE

FALSE

. Inappropriate measurement in research may make it impossible to conduct certain types of data analysis.

TRUE

FALSE

. A nominal variable can be easily converted to an interval variable for analysis purposes.

TRUE

FALSE

. Combining categories makes the data more manageable and easier to comprehend for analysis, provided the categories don't overlap with each other.

TRUE

FALSE

. Standard deviation measures the amount of variation around the mean.

TRUE

FALSE

. Bivariate analysis determines whether there is a relationship between two variables.

TRUE

FALSE

. Establishing that a relationship exists between the two variables is proof of causality.

TRUE

FALSE

. Pearson's r shows the degree to which a positive or negative correlation exists between variables.

TRUE

FALSE

. Cramer's V is used to show the relationship between three or more interval variables.

TRUE

FALSE

. Squaring is used in bivariate analysis calculations (eta, Kendall's tau-b, Spearman's rho, Pearson's r) to show how much the variation in one variable will explain variation in the other variable.

TRUE

FALSE

. Statements of probability related to statistical significance are the likelihood that the results are due to chance.

TRUE

FALSE

. The accuracy of all statistical research calculations increases with an increased sample size.

TRUE

FALSE

. Spuriousness occurs when three variables are all related equally, one to the other.

TRUE

FALSE

. An interaction occurs when one independent variable moderates the relationship between the other independent variable and its dependent variable.

TRUE

FALSE

. Multiple linear regression involves the analysis of one independent variable and one dependent variable

TRUE

FALSE

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