Practice Quiz Chapter 05

. When conducting a structured interview in quantitative research, an interviewer ________.

must ask the questions in the order given

may change the wording of a question to help a respondent understand the question better

may record what the interviewer thinks the respondent means by their answer

may explain any part of the structured questions as necessary

. Variation in respondent answers due to the interview process ________.

is acceptable

is a true variation

will have no effect on the final outcomes of the research project

is a variation due to error

. The term ________ describes the variation in the way different interviewers ask or record answers to questions.

inter-interviewer variability

intra-interviewer variability

true error

response sets

. Accuracy of the data ________.

is a concern for variation due to error

is more likely increased with open-ended questionnaires

is not impacted by the coding process

is always definable

. Closed survey questions promote ________ in both the asking of questions and the recording of answers.

authenticity

interpretation

flexibility

standardization

. One strength of telephone interviews is that they ________.

do not leave anyone in a particular population out of being selected for as a respondent

can go on for as long as necessary

the identity of the respondent can be confirmed

they usually allow for faster processing of data if combined with computer assistance

. Computer-assisted interviews ________.

are able to filter questionnaires

are only suitable for telephone and online personal interviewing projects

are equivalent to face-to-face interviewing

have a high incidence of coding problems

. Online personal interviews ________.

are time consuming because they must be transcribed

do not provide as much detailed data as face-to-face interviewing

are more effective if effort is made to develop mutual trust with the respondent

have low attrition levels

. In a structured interview, probing ________.

will not affect the responses given

consists of simply repeating the possible answers if the question is close-ended

may be used by the interviewer anytime a respondent has trouble giving a response

may include putting the question into different words to help a respondent understand the question

. Email surveys ________.

are used more to study large online groups

have been categorized as questionnaires rather than structured interviews

tend to be aimed at smaller, more homogenous groups

are more effective that face-to-face interviews

. Email surveys with the questionnaire embedded in the email text ________.

tend to get more responses

are more difficult to complete than web surveys

have better formatting than email surveys with the questionnaire in an attachment

are easy to download the data directly into a database

. In terms of self-completed questionnaires, ________.

web surveys are far superior to mailed surveys

mailed surveys are far superior to email surveys

email surveys are far superior to web surveys

mail, web, and email surveys all carry the disadvantage that the researcher cannot be sure who the respondent is

. Researcher-driven diaries ________.

are only useful for qualitative research

use broad categories and are specific only to time periods

may utilize "structured" or "free text" questions

may be completed up to one month after the activity of interest

. Compared to interviews and questionnaires, researcher-driven diaries ________.

provide fairly accurate data about time and sequencing of events

are less effective where sensitive matters are concerned

are less expensive

are more reliable because measures are established to ensure they are completed in a timely manner

. The best strategy for reducing response sets (many answers in the same direction) in structured interviews is ________.

for the researcher to ensure that the correct answers are the same

for the researcher not to be concerned about the appearance of social class

for errors to be measured

by using multi-item measures that have logically opposite positions

. Closed-ended questions allow the researcher to pre-code respondent answers, which reduces the possibility of variation due to error during the interview process.

TRUE

FALSE

. Interviews are best conducted using a limited number of interviewers for quantitative research but not for focus groups.

TRUE

FALSE

. In academic research, telephone interviews are more effective than in-person (face-to-face) interviewing.

TRUE

FALSE

. When developing rapport with an interviewee, the interviewer must be cautious not to be "too friendly."

TRUE

FALSE

. Respondent confidentiality must be discussed with the respondent during the introductory statement at the outset of a research project.

TRUE

FALSE

. Even if a questionnaire was designed intentionally and with care, the interviewer may have to change a question or the order of the questions to meet the needs of the interview.

TRUE

FALSE

. Prompting is a last resort for when a respondent absolutely cannot come up with a response of his or her own.

TRUE

FALSE

. Compared to structured interviews, questionnaires tend to have more open questions.

TRUE

FALSE

. Questionnaires are typically shorter than structured interviews, have few open-ended questions, and have easy-to-follow instructions.

TRUE

FALSE

. Incomplete interviews are more common than incomplete questionnaires.

TRUE

FALSE

. The feminist critique includes the position that structured interviews and questionnaires are exploitative because they are designed and utilized for a one-way, asymmetrical power relationship.

TRUE

FALSE

. The feminist critique of structured interviews and questionnaires has softened somewhat in recent years because there have been more findings from research projects using these methods that are consistent with their ideals.

TRUE

FALSE

. In a structured interview the answers are pre-set.

TRUE

FALSE

. The sex, race, and class of the interviewer can influence a participant's answers to survey questions.

TRUE

FALSE

. Telephone interviews are the preferred method in academic research.

TRUE

FALSE

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