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Return to Power of Critical Thinking 6e Student Resources
Chapter 4 Self-Assessment
Quiz Content
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Your background information consists of
very-well-supported beliefs.
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beliefs that are certain.
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both well-supported and obviously false beliefs.
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numerous valid arguments.
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When a claim is neither worthy of outright rejection nor deserving of complete acceptance, we should
proportion our belief to background information.
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tentatively accept it.
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tentatively reject it.
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proportion our belief to the evidence.
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It is not reasonable to believe a claim when
it is criticized.
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most people reject it.
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there is no good reason for doing so.
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others disbelieve it.
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We are often justified in believing a claim because
most people believe it.
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experts disagree about it.
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experts have not accepted it.
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it comes from experts.
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Personal experience, although generally reliable, is
infallible.
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never trustworthy.
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not trustworthy.
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not infallible.
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Our perception and memory are constructive, which means that what we perceive and remember is to some degree
omnipresent.
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stressful.
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disturbing.
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fabricated by our minds.
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The probability of any particular event occurring might be extremely low, but that same event, given enough opportunities to occur, might be
highly probable over the long haul.
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impossible.
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highly improbable over the long haul.
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miraculous.
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The "Joe the Plumber" fallacy is a(n)
appeal to tradition.
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slippery-slope argument.
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appeal to ignorance.
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fallacious appeal to authority.
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The term we use to denote both a state of affairs and a true statement is
opinion.
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fact.
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belief.
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argument.
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Eyewitness testimony is
unorthodox.
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authoritative.
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usually reliable.
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unreliable.
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The idea that future events can affect the past is known as the gambler's fallacy.
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FALSE
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It's relatively easy to spot fake news.
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FALSE
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Relying on the best possible evidence when evaluating claims is known as the availability error.
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FALSE
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Most reporters are investigative journalists.
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FALSE
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Experts in one field can usually make trustworthy claims regarding other fields.
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FALSE
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Advertising fails to persuade smart, educated people.
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FALSE
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The gambler's fallacy is thinking that that previous events can affect the probabilities of the random event at hand.
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The only available remedy for our tendency to resist contrary evidence is our commitment to examine critically our favorite claims.
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FALSE
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If a claim conflicts with our background information, we should reject the claim.
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FALSE
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Because we can never be knowledgeable in every field, we should reject the claims of experts.
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Because we can never be knowledgeable in every field, we should reject the claims of experts.
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