Philosophy Here and Now 3e Student Resources

. Descartes believed that interaction between body and mind took place in

ectoplasm.

the brain stem.

the pineal gland.

the nervous system.

. The idea that mental states are dispositions to behave in particular ways in certain circumstances is known as

logical nominalism.

logical behaviorism.

methodological behaviorism.

eliminative materialism.

. Logical behaviorism is at odds with our commonsense intuition that mental states

do not exist.

never cause behavior.

exist.

cause behavior.

. Descartes says that the chief characteristic of physical things is that

they cannot be measured.

science can study them.

they do not have extension.

they have extension.

. When Descartes reasons that it is conceivable that he could exist without his body and that whatever is conceivable is logically possible he is offering a __________ argument.

possibility

conceivability

divisibility

probability

. The contention that bodies and minds must be different things because bodies can be divided into parts but minds cannot is known as a __________ argument.

divisibility

unitary

conceivability

divisive

. The existence of a form of mental illness known as multiple personality disorder seems to suggest that

the existence of the mind is a delusion.

the mind is indivisible.

the mind is divisible.

mental illness is incurable.

. Regarding mind and body, most contemporary philosophers are

logical behaviorists.

substance dualists.

eliminative materialists.

materialists.

. Substance dualism is said to violate the scientific principle of

dualistic action.

behaviorism.

action at a distance.

the causal closure of the physical.

. According to Descartes, the mind, or soul, is

a thinking and extended thing.

an unthinking and unextended thing.

identical to the body.

a thinking and unextended thing.

. Descartes says that the mind is distinct from the body and

cannot exist without it.

is unknowable.

is dependent on material substance.

can exist without the body.

. Descartes asserts that he knows that he is a substance the whole essence of which is to

breathe.

be extended in space.

think.

require a body.

. Cartesian dualism posits

a soul and a spirit.

a body and a mind.

two minds.

a body and a brain.

. According to Searle, the appropriately programmed computer

has cognitive states.

can achieve strong AI.

explains human cognition.

cannot have cognitive states.

. Searle argues that the Chinese room thought experiment shows that

the claims of strong AI are not plausible.

the claims of strong AI are plausible.

computers can understand stories.

computers can understand Chinese.

. Searle asserts that no computer program by itself, however sophisticated, is sufficient for

computation.

symbol manipulation.

syntax.

intentionality.

. Chalmers's zombie twin is identical to him

psychically.

functionally and psychologically.

functionally but not psychologically.

psychologically only.

. Chalmers argues that his zombie is

not conceivable.

impossible.

actual.

conceivable.

. According to Block, the Chinese brain system has

minimal awareness.

no mental states.

minimal consciousness.

mental states.

. True or False? Nagel declares that the objective perspective is the true perspective.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? Searle believes that knowledge of what it is like to be a bat can be acquired through scientific investigation.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? Traditional philosophies of mind can be divided into dualist theories and materialist theories.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? Qualitative content is a problem for functionalism.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? Chalmers's theory is compatible with all the results of contemporary science.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? On Smart's view, there are sensations.

TRUE

FALSE

. True or False? Block says that the Chinese brain has a functional organization that brings a mind into existence.

TRUE

FALSE

Chapter 4 Self-Assessment