Chapter 1 Self-Assessment

. A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth is known as

. If you assume that a set of statements is true, and yet you can deduce a false or absurd statement from it, then the original set of statements as a whole must be false. This kind of argument is known as

.

The famous statement "An unexamined life is not worth living"€ is attributed to

. The study of value in the broadest sense (moral, aesthetic, etc.) is known as

. According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has __________ is her exclusive pursuit of social status, wealth, power, and pleasure.

. In an argument, the statement being supported is the conclusion, and the statements supporting the conclusion are the

. Words such as consequently, therefore, and as a result are

. Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are

. The renowned philosopher who lived and worked in the Greek city of Alexandria in the fifth century was

.

The fallacy of misrepresenting a person's views so they can be more easily attacked or dismissed is called the

. The fallacy of rejecting a statement on the grounds that it comes from a particular person is known as

. The fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true simply because many people believe it is known as

. The fallacy of __________ is trying to prove a conclusion by using that very same conclusion as support.

.

True or False? Aristotle said, "An unexamined life is not worth living"

. True or False? Any type of declarative statement is an argument.

. True or False? An argument is synonymous with persuasion.

. True or False? A deductive argument is an argument intended to give probable support to its conclusion.

. True or False? If inductive arguments succeed in lending very probable support to their conclusions, they are said to be weak.

. True or False? An argument is not synonymous with causes.

. True or False? Modus tollens is a valid argument form.

.

True or False? An argument of this form "If p, then q; p; therefore, q" is called modus tollens.

. True or False? In the argument form known as inference to the best explanation, we reason in this fashion: Two or more things are similar in several ways; therefore, they are probably similar in one further way.

. True or False? When you read a philosophical essay, you are simply trying to glean some facts from it as you might if you were reading a science text or technical report.

. True or False? The key to identifying an argument in context is to first identify the author.

.

True or False? This classic argument, "The Bible says that God exists; the Bible is true because God wrote it; therefore, God exists" is an example of begging the question.

. True or False? Empedocles articulated the basic outlines of natural selection twenty-five centuries ago.

. True or False? Philosophy, being an ancient art, cannot be applied to modern social problems such as racism.

. True or False? Philosophy, being an ancient art, cannot be applied to modern social problems such as racism.

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