Chapter 27 Quiz A with Explanations

. Which country became the global economic leader after World War II?

Great Britain

The United States

The Soviet Union

France

. After World War II, what made the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union different from previous national rivalries?

The introduction of nuclear weapons

A lack of shared border

Its strictly economic character

Its strictly ideological character

. Why was economic development in eastern European Soviet-bloc countries slow after World War II?

There was no Soviet-style Marshall Plan for eastern Europe.

The Soviet Union implemented policies that were favorable to its economy.

Political oppression contributed to a general lack of economic innovation.

Most skilled workers migrated to the Soviet Union looking for better paying jobs.

. What was the major emphasis of Chinese communism under Mao Zedong?

The welfare of the industrial proletariat

The eradication of all Confucian influence

The welfare of the peasantry

Chinese expansion westward

. In 1959, how did the United States respond to the establishment of a communist government in Cuba by Fidel Castro?

It encouraged the Organization of American States to plan an invasion.

It offered generous economic aid in exchange for the abandonment of communism.

It blockaded the islanded in an attempt to "starve out" the new government

It attempted to overthrow the new government.

. What factor complicated moves for independence in Asia and Africa after World War II?

The presence of foreign military units

Religious, ethnic, and cultural differences

Economic hardship caused by the war

Reluctant support from the United Nations

. Nationalist leader Achmed Sukarno's attempts to win independence for Indonesia after World War II were hampered by traditions of local rule, the continuation of Dutch colonial rule, and

the economic destruction caused by Japanese occupation.

the involvement of Chinese communists.

the existence of multiple independence movements.

the growth of U.S. regional influence.

. While leading the Gold Coast in Africa to independence in 1957, Kwame Nkrumah also advocated for

close ties with the Soviet Union.

African unity.

industrialization.

land reform.

. How was the Front for National Liberation (FLN) able to gain Algerian independence from France by 1962?

They routed France on the battlefield.

They used mass strikes to wear down the French government.

They convinced French settlers to support national independence.

They used public relations to turn world opinion in their favor.

. During the last third of the twentieth century, what gave individuals even greater access to the goods, beliefs, and ideas of societies from around the world?

Mass journalism

Faster transportation

Information technology

Expanded commercial networks

. What impact did computers have on the workplace in the last third of the twentieth century?

They gave workers more leisure time and reduced occupational stress.

They caused a significant loss of productivity.

They led to conflict between workers and management over safety.

They sped up and eased many tasks while making some jobs obsolete.

. Starting in the late 1960s, the introduction of the pill and other methods of contraception contributed to

a decline in population in most European countries.

social conflict between older and younger generations.

people becoming sexually active at a younger age.

the end of the practice of abortion in many countries.

. Continued military spending after World War II was influenced by the demands of the Cold War and by

the rearmament of Japan and West Germany.

aggressive Chinese and Soviet foreign policies.

the needs of governments of independent states.

British and French attempts to reestablish their empires.

. After World War II, increased government involvement in the lives of their citizens to guarantee a minimum level of well-being saw the adoption by many countries around the world of the

totalitarian state.

consumer state.

nation state.

welfare state.

. After the death of Stalin in 1953, which Soviet leader increased production of consumer goods and denounced the abuses of Stalinism?

Frantz Fanon

Nikita Khrushchev

Yuri Gagarin

Mikhail Gorbachev

. What was a result of Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward in China during the early 1960s?

There was a massive food crisis that cost the lives of thirty million Chinese.

China became a leading world producer of quality steel and iron.

There were riots by workers who resented the shift in production to the countryside.

China's decentralization of industrial production became a model for the world.

. The trials of Axis leaders in Germany and Japan after the war introduced what new concept to international politics?

War guilt

Human rights

Collective security

Cultural Revolution

. Simone de Beauvoir's work, The Second Sex, challenged women to

take action and create their own authentic lives.

fully devote themselves to their roles as mothers and wives.

take active roles in national political movements.

fight for global peace after the horrors of World War II.

. What was the major purpose of the Bandung Conference?

To bring emerging Asian and African nations together in an economic union similar to the Common Market

To ensure that emerging African and Asian nations avoided alignment with either the Soviet Union or the United States.

To establish a common effort among African and Asian nations to bring former colonial powers to justice.

To safeguard emerging African and Asian nations from hostile takeover by the Cold War superpowers.

. During the Cold War, meetings like the Bandung Conference and nonaligned nations' participation in the United Nations indicated a shift in global priorities

to ending the buildup of nuclear weapons.

away from agricultural development in favor of industrialization.

away from the Soviet Union and United States.

to the spread of consumer-based capitalism.

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