Chapter 8 Learning Objectives:

  1. Identify the major threats to internal validity and apply them to faulty research designs.
  2. Describe the three basic pre-experimental designs and the principal validity threats to each.
  3. Compare the strengths and weaknesses of the major types of true experimental designs.
  4. Explain how factorial experimental designs can identify interaction effects and enhance external validity.
  5. Describe variants of quasi-experimental designs and how they attempt to rule out threats to internal validity.

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