Chapter 4 Review Quiz

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. The body performs many processes which depend upon energy and could not occur without a supply of ATP. How does the energy from ATP power the cellular reactions?

The cellular processes are coupled to hydrolysis of ATP, an exergonic process correct incorrect

Cellular processes are coupled to hydrolysis of ATP, an endergonic process correct incorrect

Energy from ATP hydrolysis is stored in cellular chambers correct incorrect

ATP hydrolysis absorbs the remaining energy from formation of glucose-6-phosphate correct incorrect

All of the energy from hydrolysis of ATP is released as heat correct incorrect

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. Suppose that you determined ΔG for a reaction at room temperature, and then carried out the same reaction at a higher temperature. At higher temperatures, ΔG for a the reaction will be:

A larger negative number than at room temperature correct incorrect

The same as at room temperature correct incorrect

A lower negative number than at room temperature correct incorrect

Impossible to determine, because ΔG is independent of temperature correct incorrect

Zero correct incorrect

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. If someone not familiar with scientific language asked you to explain entropy in one word, the best word would be:

Tiredness correct incorrect

Excitement correct incorrect

Hunger correct incorrect

Stress correct incorrect

Disorder correct incorrect

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. The first law of thermodynamics can be stated as the common saying:

You can't win correct incorrect

You can't even break even correct incorrect

You can't even get out of the game correct incorrect

Some like it hot correct incorrect

Some like it cold correct incorrect

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. The second law of thermodynamics states that:

You need to spend money to make money correct incorrect

Reactions happen in such a way that the products are a little less likely to be able to react correct incorrect

Reactions always go to completion correct incorrect

Reactions never happen unless energy is provided correct incorrect

Some reactions never happen at all unless accompanied by magic incantations correct incorrect

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. Which of the following would you expect to have a high phosphate group transfer potential?

ATP correct incorrect

GMP correct incorrect

ADP correct incorrect

UMP correct incorrect

Phosphoric acid correct incorrect

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. Which of the following is not a form of energy:

Heat correct incorrect

Light correct incorrect

Kinetic correct incorrect

Electrical correct incorrect

Paper correct incorrect

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. Using the following table of free energies:
ATP C> ADP + Pi ΔG = -7.3 kcal/mol
Glucose-1-phosphate C> Glucose + Pi ΔG = - 5.0 kcal/mol
Find the free energy change for the reaction: Glucose + ATP B B ? Glucose-1-phosphate + ADP

ΔG = -23.0 kcal/mol correct incorrect

ΔG = +23.0 kcal/mol correct incorrect

ΔG= -2.3 kcal/mol correct incorrect

ΔG = +2.3 kcal/mol correct incorrect

ΔG = 0 correct incorrect

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. Convert 652 calories to kJ:

2.728 kJ correct incorrect

27.28 kJ correct incorrect

1.484 kJ correct incorrect

272.8 kJ correct incorrect

0.2728 kJ correct incorrect

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. ΔG for an exothermic reaction is:

>0 correct incorrect

<0 correct incorrect

=0 correct incorrect

Never a value which can be numerically determined correct incorrect

A value which varies with the temperature of the reaction correct incorrect

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. Throughout the centuries, charlatans have claimed to have invented a perpetual-motion machine, one which runs continually with no input of energy. Which law shows that such a machine is impossible?

The first law of thermodynamics correct incorrect

The second law of thermodynamics correct incorrect

The law against self-incrimination correct incorrect

The third law of thermodynamics correct incorrect

The law of constant proportions correct incorrect

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. When we digest food and use it to produce energy, we convert a few large, complex molecules into many small, simple molecules. Under these circumstances,

Entropy increases correct incorrect

Entropy decreases correct incorrect

Entropy does not change correct incorrect

Entropy rises, then, falls correct incorrect

Entropy decreases, then increases correct incorrect

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. Respiration may be represented by the reaction: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 □ 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
ΔH for the overall reaction is 2802.1 kJ/mol. Photosynthesis is the reverse: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O □ C6H12O6 + 6 O2
ΔH for the overall reaction of photosynthesis is:

2802.1 kJ/mol correct incorrect

-2802.1 kJ/mol correct incorrect

Isothermic correct incorrect

-304.7 kcal/mol correct incorrect

304.7 kcal/mol correct incorrect

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. You can freeze milk to make ice cream by mixing ice and salt. The resulting mixture of ice and salt has a very low temperature because:

The salt forces the ice to melt and dissolve, and the energy input required to melt the ice results in a very cold solution correct incorrect

A small amount of ice forms a salty solution, and the decreased entropy of the water molecules lowers the freezing point correct incorrect

In fact, adding salt to ice raises the temperature, melting the ice correct incorrect

The ice would melt whether salt were added or not correct incorrect

Salt is spread on icy sidewalks during winter in order to melt the ice correct incorrect

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. As living things consume nutrients and digest them, the entropy of the living thing itself:

Increases correct incorrect

Decreases correct incorrect

Remains the same correct incorrect

Is in equilibrium with its surroundings correct incorrect

Is stored until needed correct incorrect

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. If ΔH for a certain reaction is negative:

The reaction is exothermic correct incorrect

The reaction is endothermic correct incorrect

The reaction consumes energy correct incorrect

The products are all solids and precipitate from the solution correct incorrect

The reaction is an equilibrium reaction and neither produces nor consumes energy correct incorrect

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. Suppose that you wound a spring tightly, clamped it so that it could not unwind, and then placed the spring in acid, dissolving it without unwinding. The energy stored in the spring:

Disappears into the universe correct incorrect

Causes the solution to change color correct incorrect

Causes a flash of light correct incorrect

Goes back into your muscles correct incorrect

Warms the solution correct incorrect

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. The caloric content of food is usually given in large calories, or Calories. One Calorie is equal to 1000 calories, or 1 kilocalorie. The basal metabolic rate for men is 24 Calories/kg. What is the BMR for a 70 kg man?

1680 kJ correct incorrect

7029 kJ correct incorrect

292.9 kJ correct incorrect

4.184 kJ correct incorrect

4184 kJ correct incorrect

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. A human being needs a mass of ATP nearly equivalent to his or her own body mass daily. What process allows a ready supply of ATP for cellular reactions?

The body stores large amounts of ATP in mitochondria correct incorrect

The body stores large amounts of ATP in adipocytes correct incorrect

Cellular nuclei can make ATP rapidly from air correct incorrect

Cellular processes make new ATP as fast as it is used correct incorrect

ATP is never actually used, but must only be present for reactions to occur correct incorrect

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. Which of the following is an endergonic process?

Production of carbon dioxide during respiration correct incorrect

Frying an egg correct incorrect

Burning a candle correct incorrect

Exploding a balloon correct incorrect

A campfire burning correct incorrect

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. Physiological reactions take place under extreme conditions and are carefully controlled. Researchers are interested in biochemical reactions which take place at very high temperatures, as they may be especially useful in:

Cleaning chalkboards in classrooms correct incorrect

Developing film for the motion picture industry correct incorrect

Improving the odors of new car interiors correct incorrect

Preparing home videos of leisure time activities such as camping correct incorrect

Industrial or commercial applications such as preparation of enzyme cleaning products which could function at high temperatures and in very alkaline conditions correct incorrect