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Biological and Psychological Theories
EARLY BIOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Physiognomy and Phrenology
Body Types
Earnest Hooton and the Criminals Study
William Sheldon and Somatotypes
The Gluecks and Juvenile Delinquency
Early Biocriminology
Perspectives on Heredity, Human Evolution, and Crime
Eugenics
MODERN BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
Genetic and Evolutionary Perspectives
XYY Syndrome
Genes and Behavior
Twin and Adoption Studies
Evolution, Aggression, and Survival
Neurological Perspectives
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
The Brain
Environmental Perspectives: Alcohol and Drugs
Alcohol
Drugs
Critiques
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC PERSPECTIVES
Traditional Psychoanalytic Theory
Modern Psychological and Psychiatric Perspectives
Behaviorism
Cognitive Theory
Language Impairment and IQ
Antisocial Personality Disorder, Psychopathy, and Insanity
SUMMARY