Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions

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. What is the correct order of the four stages of ethical decision making from a rationalist perspective (Rest, 1986)?
1. Intent - moral intent is established, which may be referred to as moral motivation, decision or determination;
2. Judgement - the decision making itself, sometimes called moral evaluation or moral reasoning;
3. Behaviour - acting on the intentions through one's behaviour, can be referred to as action or implementation.
4. Awareness - becoming aware that there is a moral issue at stake.

4,3,1,2 correct incorrect

2,3,1,4 correct incorrect

2,4,3,1 correct incorrect

4,2,1,3 correct incorrect

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. ________ reasoning is considered by many to be prevalent within society and particularly within businesses, where it is often referred to in the form of a ___________.

Consequentialist, Cost-benefit analysis correct incorrect

Rationalised, Annual audit correct incorrect

Consequentialist, Annual audit correct incorrect

Rationalised, Cost-benefit analysis correct incorrect

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. Factors that impact ethical decision making can be broadly broken down into ________ factors, related to the unique characteristics of a person, and _________ factors, which are features of the person's environment or the particular issue.

Tailored, Individual correct incorrect

Situational, Individual correct incorrect

Situational, Tailored correct incorrect

Individual, Situational correct incorrect

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. The Theory of _________ posits that 3 three levels of moral reasoning exist which an individual can engage in to assess ethical issues, dependant on their cognitive capacity.

Egoism correct incorrect

Cognitive moral development correct incorrect

Power distance correct incorrect

Uncertainty avoidance correct incorrect

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. The extent to which an individual believes they can control their life is determined by their __________.

Moral imagination correct incorrect

Personal integrity correct incorrect

Cognitive moral development correct incorrect

Locus of control correct incorrect

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. _________ are individual beliefs about desirable behaviours and goals that are stable over time and which influence decision making.

Character traits correct incorrect

Personal values correct incorrect

Personal attitudes correct incorrect

Personal traits correct incorrect

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. The extent to which an individual is able to creatively consider the consequences of, resolutions to, and issues associated with moral decision making is known as _________.

Moral imagination correct incorrect

Ethical reflexivity correct incorrect

Moral originality correct incorrect

Moral reflexivity correct incorrect

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. ___________, ___________ and __________ are all factors which can impact the moral intensity

Social consensus, Temporal immediacy, Proximity correct incorrect

Proximity, Social dissensus, Futility of effect correct incorrect

Proximity, Temporal immediacy, Social dissensus correct incorrect

Social dissensus, Cultural immediacy, Proximity correct incorrect

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. ________ is the use of language of to mask or expose the ethical nature of decisions, actions and behaviours.

Ethical splicing correct incorrect

Moral framing correct incorrect

Ethical window dressing correct incorrect

Moral splicing correct incorrect

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. _______, where actors are convinced that their actions harms nobody, _______ where actors argue that their norm violation is an attempt to realize higher-order values and ________ , where actors argue they are owed something, are all strategies for justifying or denying unethical behaviour.

Appeal to higher loyalties, Denial of injury, Metaphor of the ledger correct incorrect

Appeal to higher loyalties, Metaphor of the ledger, Denial of injury correct incorrect

Denial of injury, Appeal to higher loyalties, Metaphor of the ledger correct incorrect

Denial of injury, Metaphor of the ledger, Appeal to higher loyalties, correct incorrect