Co-ownership of land - the basic principles

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. Someone remarks to you 'My friends Peter, Michael and Jack own that office block over there in undivided shares'. What is meant by this statement?

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. Mateo died last week, aged 45. His will left his estate 'to be divided between my three children Natalia, Maks and Ola. They are to have equal rights, but they are not to get those rights until Ola, the youngest, is 21'. What is the effect of this disposition?

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. Three brothers Joel, Daniel and Ethan are joint tenants in equity of Home Farm.
Joel dies in 2014; his will leaves 'my interest in Home Farm to my wife Tricia'.
Daniel dies intestate in 2015; Frances, his widow, is sole statutory next of kin.
Ethan dies in 2016; his will leaves 'all my property to my friend, Camila'.
Who now owns Home Farm?

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. In 2000, Hightrees, then owned by L (unregistered title) was conveyed to 'M, N, O, P, Q and R as tenants in common in equal shares'. At the time, O was only seventeen. In the few weeks between the conveyance and first registration, what was the position as regards ownership?

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. At some time between 1926 and 1996, number 78 Hartopp Avenue was conveyed 'To F, G, H, J, K and L as joint tenants in equity'. All six people are of full age. What was the result of this conveyance?

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. Paolo, Oksana and Jemal are Urban Estates Surveyors who carry on business in partnership. Their office, 15 Regent Street, Simptown, is registered in their joint names. When they bought the office 10 years ago, it cost £450,000. Each partner contributed £150,000. (There was no mortgage.) What is the equitable coownership of 15 Regent Street?

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. W, X, Y and Z are joint tenants in equity of Hilltop House. Z severs his interest by giving notice to W, X and Y. W dies; her will leaves all her property to H. What is the current equitable ownership of Hilltop House?

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. Saif, Tal and Uday are joint tenants in equity of 53 Oakmill Road. Uday wants to sever the joint tenancy. Which of the following methods will definitely work?

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. Lawrence and Penny are joint tenants in equity of 68 Landsdowne Avenue. Lawrence is a very successful businessman with substantial assets in his sole name. He is in poor health; he has already had two heart attacks.
The marriage between Lawrence and Penny has broken down. Penny wants a substantial slice of Lawrence's assets, but, knowing that Lawrence might die at any time, she does not want to sever the joint tenancy in 68 Landsdowne Avenue. How should Penny's solicitor draft the divorce petition?

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. Alice and Beatrice are joint tenants in equity of 99 Grove Road, in which they live. Beatrice wishes to sever the joint tenancy. On 1st June, about noon, Beatrice signs a notice of severance drafted by her solicitor. He then immediately posts the letter recorded delivery. In what circumstances will there be an effective severance?

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