Choose the diagram that best captures the following argument:
1 Death is not an event in life: We do not live to experience death. 2 If we take eternity to mean not infinite temporal duration but timelessness, then eternal life belongs to those who live in the present. 3 Our life has no end in just the way in which our visual field has no limits.
Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Because 1 there is a law such as gravity, 2 the universe can and will create itself from nothing. 3 Spontaneous creation is the reason 4 there is something rather than nothing, 5 why the universe exists, 6 why we exist. 7 It is not necessary to invoke God to light the blue torch paper and set the universe going.
Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow, The Grand Design
1 The line that I am urging as today's conventional wisdom is not a denial of consciousness. 2 It is often called, with more reason, a repudiation of mind. 3 It is indeed a repudiation of mind as a second substance, over and above body. 4 It can be described less harshly as an identification of mind with some of the faculties, states, and activities of the body. 5 Mental states and events are a special subclass of the states and events of the human or animal body.
Willard Van Orman Quine, Quiditities
1 It has only just begun to dawn on us that in our own language alone, not to speak of its many companions, the past history of humanity is spread out in an imperishable map, just as the history of the mineral earth lies embedded in the layers of its outer crust. But 2 there is this difference between the record of the rocks and the secrets which are hidden in language: 3 whereas the former can only give us knowledge of outward dead things -- such as forgotten seas and the bodily shapes of prehistoric animals -- 4 language has preserved for us the inner living history of mans soul. 5 It reveals the evolution of consciousness.
Owen Barfield, History in English Words
1 It is a commonplace that all religion expresses itself in mythological or metaphorical terms; 2 it says one thing and means another; 3 it uses imagery to convey truth. But 4 the crucial fact about religion is not that it is metaphor, but 5 that it is unconscious metaphor. 6 No one can express any thought without using metaphors, but 7 this does not reduce all philosophy and science to religion, because 8 the scientist knows that his metaphors are merely metaphors and 9 that the truth is something other than the imagery by which it is expressed, whereas 10 in religion the truth and the imagery are identified. 11 To repeat the Creed as a religious act it is necessary not to add "All this I believe in a symbolical or figurative sense": 12 to make that addition is to convert religion into philosophy.
R. G. Collingwood, Outlines of a Philosophy of Art
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